Abstract:
Objective The paper aimed to systematically investigate the impact mechanisms of different soil disinfection treatments on the diversity and structural characteristics of bacterial communities in peach orchard soil, and to further clarify the interaction relationships between these bacterial communities and soil physical-chemical properties as well as enzyme activities.
Method A pot experiment was conducted with five treatments: continuous cropping soil (CK), Bacillus subtilis (KCY), sulfur (LH), dazomet (ML), and quicklime (SSH). Soil bacterial communities (via 16S rRNA gene sequencing), enzyme activities, and physical-chemical properties were determined at different periods (June, July, August). Combined with α/β diversity analysis, Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA), and the Co-occurrence network model, the underlying influence mechanisms were analyzed.
Result The dazomet treatment (ML) significantly reduced bacterial α diversity (Shannon index decreased, P < 0.05) but specifically enriched the phylum Actinobacteriota. The Bacillus subtilis (KCY) treatment maintained the highest community stability of the network (modularity = 0.6151) and promoted β-glucosidase (BG) activities. Soil pH and soil organic carbon were identified as the core driving factors for bacterial community reconstruction (RDA explanatory power = 37.5%, P < 0.01).
Conclusion Under orchard continuous cropping conditions, the “light chemical disinfection + bioremediation” model (e.g., combined application of quicklime and Bacillus subtilis) can achieve efficient disinfection and microbial balance, providing a new strategy for managing continuous cropping obstacles in peach orchards.
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